a) Pierre Charles L’Enfant

Pierre Charles L’Enfant, a French-born American architect and urban planner, is credited with designing the original layout for Washington D.C. in the late 18th century. Commissioned by George Washington, L’Enfant’s vision for the capital was grand and symbolic, featuring broad avenues, public squares, and important buildings strategically placed. His design reflects the aspirations of the new nation, with a layout that symbolizes democracy and freedom. Although L’Enfant was dismissed before completion and his plan was modified, his visionary layout remains a foundational element of the U.S. capital’s design.