d) Naval assistance and blockades

The primary role of the French in the American Revolution was providing naval assistance and blockades. This support was crucial in challenging British naval supremacy and aiding American land forces. French naval involvement culminated in the blockade of Yorktown in 1781, which trapped British forces and led to their surrender. This decisive action underscored the importance of the French alliance in securing American victory. The French naval contribution highlights the strategic importance of controlling the seas in 18th-century warfare and the necessity of international alliances in achieving military success.