c) Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action

The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), an international agreement reached in 2015, aimed to limit Iran’s nuclear program in exchange for the lifting of economic sanctions. This accord, often referred to as the Iran nuclear deal, was negotiated between Iran and the P5+1 (the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, China, and Germany). The JCPOA sought to curb Iran’s ability to develop nuclear weapons while allowing them to use nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, under strict international monitoring. The agreement represented a significant diplomatic achievement, emphasizing the role of international cooperation in addressing global security challenges.