c) AlphaGo

AlphaGo, developed by Google’s DeepMind, marked a significant milestone in the field of artificial intelligence when it defeated world champion Lee Sedol in the board game Go in 2016. This achievement was notable due to the complexity of Go, which has more possible positions than there are atoms in the universe, making it a significant challenge for AI in terms of strategy and intuition. AlphaGo’s success demonstrated the advanced capabilities of machine learning and neural networks, as it learned from large datasets of Go games and refined its strategies through reinforcement learning. This breakthrough expanded the potential applications of AI in various fields, from complex problem-solving to advancements in technology and science, showcasing the rapid evolution and growing impact of AI in the modern world.