d) Sholes and Glidden

The Sholes and Glidden typewriter, introduced in 1873, was the first commercially successful typewriter. It was developed by Christopher Latham Sholes, a newspaper editor and printer, and engineered by Carlos Glidden and Samuel W. Soule. The typewriter featured the QWERTY keyboard layout, which is still in use today. This invention revolutionized written communication, making it faster and more efficient. It was a critical tool for businesses and writers, and played a key role in the rise of women in the workforce as typists. The Sholes and Glidden typewriter marks a significant milestone in the history of technology, laying the foundation for modern-day keyboards and text input methods.