c) James Watson

James Watson, an American biologist, co-discovered the structure of DNA, a milestone in molecular biology. In 1953, along with Francis Crick, Watson proposed the double helix model of DNA, revealing the molecular structure that carries genetic information. This discovery was crucial in understanding how genetic information is passed from one generation to the next and has had a profound impact on fields such as genetics, medicine, and forensics. Watson’s work on DNA structure opened the door to modern molecular biology and biotechnology, fundamentally changing our understanding of life and heredity.