b) Israel and Egypt

The Camp David Accords, brokered by the U.S. in 1978 under President Jimmy Carter, were a landmark peace agreement between Israel and Egypt. This historic event marked the first time an Arab country recognized the state of Israel and led to Egypt’s subsequent peace treaty with Israel. The negotiations, held at the presidential retreat of Camp David, involved intense and detailed discussions between Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin, and President Carter. The accords were a significant achievement in the Middle East peace process, demonstrating the potential of U.S. mediation in resolving long-standing regional conflicts and the power of diplomacy in achieving breakthroughs in seemingly intractable disputes.