c) The Bill of Rights

The Constitution’s first ten amendments, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, represent fundamental protections of individual liberties and justice. Ratified in 1791, these amendments were a response to calls from Anti-Federalists for greater constitutional protection of individual freedoms. The Bill of Rights includes essential rights such as freedom of speech, religion, assembly, the press, and the right to a fair trial. This cornerstone of American democracy ensures the protection of citizens’ rights against government infringement and reflects the nation’s core values and principles.