b) Mexico

The Bear Flag Revolt of 1846 was a revolt against Mexican rule in California. Initiated by a group of American settlers, the revolt was a manifestation of the growing tension and desire for independence among the American settlers in the region. The insurgents declared California an independent republic and raised a homemade flag with a bear and a star, known as the Bear Flag. The revolt was short-lived, as the U.S. military soon entered the fray, leading to the annexation of California into the United States. This event was a key moment in the American expansionist agenda and the Mexican-American War.