c) 13th Amendment

The 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in December 1865, officially abolished slavery in the United States. This historic amendment was a direct outcome of the Civil War and a fundamental shift in the nation’s moral and legal landscape. It legally ended the institution of slavery, which had been a central issue leading to the Civil War. The 13th Amendment represented a significant step towards equality and civil rights, although the struggle for racial justice and full implementation of the amendment’s provisions would continue for decades.