c) The Pullman Sleeping Car
The Pullman Sleeping Car, introduced in 1865, revolutionized rail travel in the United States and became a symbol of the Gilded Age. Invented by George Pullman, these luxury passenger cars offered unprecedented comfort and convenience, featuring upholstered seats that converted into beds, washrooms, and dining facilities. The Pullman Cars epitomized the era’s technological innovation and opulence, catering to the growing class of affluent Americans. They also had a significant social impact, employing a large workforce of African American porters who provided high-quality service but often under challenging working conditions. The Pullman Sleeping Car set new standards for long-distance travel, making it more accessible and enjoyable, and played a crucial role in the expansion and popularity of rail travel across the vast American landscape.