a) Battle of Fallujah

The Battle of Fallujah in 2004, known as Operation Phantom Fury, was a pivotal moment in the Iraq War. It involved intense urban combat as U.S. Marines and soldiers, alongside Iraqi and British forces, sought to recapture the city from insurgent control. Fallujah was a stronghold for insurgents and the scene of some of the fiercest fighting, involving house-to-house battles and complex defensive measures by insurgents. This battle is often remembered for its high casualty rate and the extensive use of urban warfare tactics.