d) James Madison

James Madison is known as the “Father of the Constitution” for his instrumental role in drafting and promoting the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights. Serving as the fourth President of the United States, Madison’s contributions to the Constitutional Convention of 1787 were pivotal. He played a key role in designing the structure of the new government and was a strong advocate for a system of checks and balances. Madison’s influence extended to the drafting of the first ten amendments, known as the Bill of Rights, which secured key freedoms and rights. His vision and political skill were fundamental in shaping the principles and framework of American democracy.